they really dont have standard punishments, there are a vast range of reductions and increases.
Heres something I did a couple of years ago that graphically breaks down USADA punishments (per the UFC anti doping policy) and how they can be calculated...
Yes, there are strict guidelines and criteria, but those can be interpreted in a number of ways, and punishments can vary pretty wildly.
1 Year, 2 Years, USADA ban lengths explained.
there is so much room for interpretation.
probably the most widely used reduction clause is "degree of fault". How much responsibility the athlete bears for the violation.
Lets say im facing a two year ban and a rogue supplement is found to be the cause.
If I never bother checking anything, dont give a fuck, just buy any old shit off the internet or at my hum my degree of fault is 100%.. i will get no reduction..
If I make some effort, i only buy my supplements from GNC, maybe im slightly less at fault.. they might knock a month off
If I only buy supplements from big brand names and check all the ingredients briefly to see if anything looks suspicious. .im slightly less at fault.. they might knock three-four months off
If i only buy supplements from big brand names and I meticulously go through the entire ingredients list checking them one by one on globaldro. That reduces my degree of fault consiserably, i might get 6 to 12 months knocked off.
If I only purchase supplements from companies that are third party tested by NFS or Informed-Sport and I only ever use things from them. Keep records of all supplements ive taken, and keep back empty containers etc. Then my degree of fault is absolutely minimal and I will likely get a huge reduction or even no suspension at all.
That same positive test, depending on "degree of fault" can result in anything from no suspension to 2 years depending on teh circumstances around it.
Its very very fluid