pepe the frog
origin
"Artist Matt Furie created
Pepe the Frog as an easygoing, bro-like character in his 2005 comic series,
The Boy’s Club. In one comic, Pepe urinates with his pants down at his ankles. Sporting a relieved grin, Pepe says, “Feels good man.”
Pepe’s creator told
The Daily Dot in April 2015 that the name
Pepe (though pronounced differently) evokes
pee-pee, in keeping with the literal bathroom humor the original character is known for.
According to Know Your Meme, users began creating their own Pepe images in 2008 in forums on the imageboard site 4chan. These Pepes, riffing on the frog’s signature smile, spread online as a humorous reaction, much as people post GIFs to illustrate how they feel about something. One common variant shows a smirking Pepe, often called
Smug Pepe, his thumb tucked knowingly under his chin. Additionally, the variants
Sad Pepe and
Angry Pepe are also common.
By 2014–15, Pepe had gone full mainstream, with singers Katy Perry and Nicki Minaj notably posting Pepe memes on Twitter. But as
The Daily Beast reported in May 2016, some white supremacists were disappointed by Pepe’s widespread popularity. And so, as a dark and shocking joke, they fashioned Pepes with various anti-Semitic and other racist imagery in efforts to make Pepe’s widespread use less appealing to those outside their circle. One depicts a caricatured Jewish Pepe smiling at burning Twin Towers on September 11. Another swaps out Pepe’s “Feels good man” for “Kill all Jews.”
Starting around 2015, alt-right supporters of Donald Trump embraced the bigoted Pepe memes, spreading suited-up and blonde-coiffed versions of the frog after the likeness of their candidate. While apparently unaware of Pepe’s symbolism, Donald Trump retweeted a Trump Pepe in October 2015, as did Donald Trump Jr. following Hillary Clinton’s “basket of deplorables” comment in September 2016. Many alt-right social media users have even deployed the frog emoji in their online monikers to represent Pepe and their political affiliations. Pepe has also inspired a hand gesture, resembling the
OK sign, that
Mediaite claims a ten-year-old flashed on a tour of the White House in March 2017.
This unassuming cartoon frog became so established as a racist symbol that the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) labeled
Pepe the Frog as a hate symbol in September 2016. Around this time, the Clinton campaign released their own explainer on Pepe, commenting that the “cartoon frog is more sinister than you might realize.” Another one of Pepe’s political iterations is as
Pepe Le Pen, which depicts French far-right nationalist politician Marie Le Pen as the frog.
Not all uses of
Pepe the Frog are bigoted. Pepe’s creator Matt Furie launched a campaign in fall 2016 to reclaim “the positive aspects” of his “cute, generally happy frog,” as he told
The Atlantic. Ultimately this campaign failed in Furie’s eyes, so in May 2017, he drew
Pepe in one final comic—at the frog’s own funeral, with his anthropomorphic animal friends pouring out a drink in his honor. While Furie notes many young people use Pepe innocently on social media,
Pepe the Frog’s brand still remains closely associated with white supremacy today. "
